PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, ]; try { $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $cfg['db_user'], $cfg['db_pass'], $options); } catch (PDOException $e) { http_response_code(500); header('Content-Type: application/json'); echo json_encode(['error' => 'DB connection failed']); exit; }